大過

Hexagram 28: Great Exceeding → Hexagram 16: Enthusiasm

大過
Great Exceeding
Lake / Wind
Enthusiasm
Thunder / Earth
Changing LinesStable Lines

Changing Lines

This transformation involves 3 changing lines (lines 2, 3, 5).

Line 2

九二 枯楊生稊。老夫得其女妻。无不利。

the withered
yángpoplar
shēngsends out
a new
lǎothe old
gentleman
finds
his own
a maiden
companion
without
doubt
worthwhile

Nine in the second place means: A dry poplar sprouts at the root. An older man takes a young wife. Everything furthers.

Line 3

九三 棟橈。凶。

dòngthe ridgepole
náois deformed
xiōngominous

Nine in the third place means: The ridgepole sags to the breaking point. Misfortune.

Line 5

九五 枯楊生華。老婦得其士夫。无咎无譽。

the withered
yángpoplar
shēngsends out
huáflowers
lǎothe old
woman
finds
her own
shìa young gentleman
as husband
no
jiùto blame
no
to praise

Nine in the fifth place means: A withered poplar puts forth flowers. An older woman takes a husband. No blame. No praise.

Trigram Changes

Upper TrigramLake ThunderThe Joyous → The Arousing
Lower TrigramWind EarthThe Gentle → The Receptive

Yilin Verse

晨風文翰,大舉就溫。昧過我邑,羿無所得。

Morning wind, patterned feathers; the great flock rises toward warmth. Swiftly passing over my village; Yi gains nothing from the hunt.

— Jiao Yanshou, Yilin (Forest of Changes), 1st century BCE

Commentary

Lake over wind erupts into thunder above earth — the stirring joy of Enthusiasm. The chenFeng hawk, resplendent in patterned plumage, rises in a great flock and flies toward warmth. Passing swiftly beyond one's territory at dawn, it eludes even Archer Yi's aim. The chenFeng (晨風) is the falcon of the Shijing ode 'Chen Feng' from the Airs of Qin — a swift raptor that symbolizes what cannot be held. Here the birds migrate together, seeking the warm south, too fast and too high for the greatest archer to bring them down. From Great Exceeding to Enthusiasm, the sagging structure releases its energy as collective exuberance. What was trapped bursts forth with irresistible momentum, like a flock no bowman can touch — thunder shaking the earth with the sheer joy of liberated movement.

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