大過

Hexagram 28: Great Exceeding → Hexagram 32: Duration

大過
Great Exceeding
Lake / Wind
Duration
Thunder / Wind
Changing LinesStable Lines

Changing Lines

This transformation involves 1 changing line (line 5).

Line 5

九五 枯楊生華。老婦得其士夫。无咎无譽。

the withered
yángpoplar
shēngsends out
huáflowers
lǎothe old
woman
finds
her own
shìa young gentleman
as husband
no
jiùto blame
no
to praise

Nine in the fifth place means: A withered poplar puts forth flowers. An older woman takes a husband. No blame. No praise.

Trigram Changes

Upper TrigramLake ThunderThe Joyous → The Arousing
Lower TrigramWind Wind

Yilin Verse

宜行賈市,所聚必倍。載喜抱子,與利為市。

It is fitting to trade at market; what is gathered will surely double. Carrying joy, embracing a child; entering the market with profit in hand.

— Jiao Yanshou, Yilin (Forest of Changes), 1st century BCE

Commentary

Lake over wind steadies into thunder above wind — Duration, the hexagram of constancy and steady enterprise. One should travel to trade at the market, for whatever is gathered will be doubled. Carrying joy and embracing a child, one trades alongside profit. The verse is a merchant's blessing: go to market, and your investment will return twofold. The image of holding a child while trading suggests that commercial success and domestic happiness arise together. From Great Exceeding to Duration, the collapsing beam finds its remedy in persistent, rhythmic effort. Thunder and wind reinforce each other endlessly — the steady cycle of buying and selling, departure and return, that creates lasting prosperity. Excess is tamed not by restriction but by channeling it into reliable, repeating patterns of productive exchange.

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