大過

Hexagram 28: Great Exceeding → Hexagram 47: Oppression

大過
Great Exceeding
Lake / Wind
Oppression
Lake / Water
Changing LinesStable Lines

Changing Lines

This transformation involves 1 changing line (line 3).

Line 3

九三 棟橈。凶。

dòngthe ridgepole
náois deformed
xiōngominous

Nine in the third place means: The ridgepole sags to the breaking point. Misfortune.

Trigram Changes

Upper TrigramLake Lake
Lower TrigramWind WaterThe Gentle → The Deep

Yilin Verse

大步上車,南到喜家。送我貂裘,與福載來。

With a great stride he mounts the carriage; south he goes to the joyful house. They present me a sable coat; blessings ride home with me.

— Jiao Yanshou, Yilin (Forest of Changes), 1st century BCE

Commentary

Lake over wind meets lake above water — Oppression, where resources are exhausted and the lake runs dry. Yet the verse is surprisingly joyful: one strides confidently onto the carriage, heading south to a happy household. A fur coat is presented as a gift, and blessings arrive alongside. Despite the target hexagram's name, the verse reads as a gift-giving celebration — the sable coat a sign of wealth and generosity, the southern journey ending in warmth and welcome. From Great Exceeding to Oppression, the overburdened beam meets the drained lake. But the verse suggests that sometimes what appears as oppression is actually the necessary emptying that makes room for new abundance. The traveler arrives at a happy house precisely because he left his own collapsing one behind.

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