Hexagram 33: Retreat → Hexagram 52: Keeping Still Mountain

Retreat
Heaven / Mountain
Keeping Still Mountain
Mountain / Mountain
Changing LinesStable Lines

Changing Lines

This transformation involves 2 changing lines (lines 4, 5).

Line 4

九四 好遯。君子吉。小人否。

hǎoa voluntary
dùnretreat
jūnthe noble
young one
good fortune
xiǎothe ordinarily
rénpeople
deny

Nine in the fourth place means: Voluntary retreat brings good fortune to the superior man And downfall to the inferior man.

Line 5

九五 嘉遯貞吉。

jiācommendable
dùnretreat
zhēnpersistence
is promising

Nine in the fifth place means: Friendly retreat. Perseverance brings good fortune.

Trigram Changes

Upper TrigramHeaven MountainThe Creative → Keeping Still
Lower TrigramMountain Mountain

Yilin Verse

路多枳棘,步刺我足,不利旅客,為心作毒。

Loose rocks and collapsed cliff — the path is severed, no bridge remains. Standing alone at the cliff's edge, unable to advance or retreat.

— Jiao Yanshou, Yilin (Forest of Changes), 1st century BCE

Commentary

Heaven above the mountain stills into doubled mountain — Keeping Still, where all motion ceases. The original verse reads: 'The road is thick with thorns and brambles, every step pierces my feet. Unfavorable for the traveler — it poisons the heart.' The path is so overgrown that walking itself becomes an act of suffering. The traveler cannot advance without injury, and the experience breeds bitterness rather than wisdom. From Retreat to Keeping Still, the mountain's withdrawal doubles into absolute immobility. Two mountains face each other with nowhere to go. The verse captures the moment when retreat becomes entrapment: the one who withdrew finds that every path forward is barbed, and staying still is the only option — not from choice but from the impossibility of movement in any direction.

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