小過

第23卦 剝 (Splitting Apart) 变 第62卦 小過 (Small Exceeding)

Splitting Apart
Earth / Mountain
小過
Small Exceeding
Mountain / Thunder
变爻不变爻

变爻

此变化涉及 3 个变爻(第 1、3、6 爻)。

第初爻

初六 剝牀以足。蔑貞凶。

depriving
chuáng(the) bed
of (the use of)
(the
miè(to) dismiss
zhēnpersistence
xiōng(is) unfortunate

Six at the beginning means: The leg of the bed is split. Those who persevere are destroyed. Misfortune.

第三爻

六三 剝之无咎。

depriving
zhīitself
is not
jiùblame

Six in the third place means: He splits with them. No blame.

第上爻

上九 碩果不食。君子得輿。小人剝廬。

shuò(the) ripe
guǒfruit (realization
is not
shí(being) eaten
jūn(a
young one
gains
輿support
xiǎo(as
rénones
(are) deprived of
(their)(own) hovels

Nine at the top means: There is a large fruit still uneaten. The superior man receives a carriage. The house of the inferior man is split apart.

卦象变化

上卦Earth MountainThe Receptive → Keeping Still
下卦Mountain ThunderKeeping Still → The Arousing

焦氏易林

陽不違德,高山多澤。顏子逐兔,未有所得。

Yang does not forsake virtue; high mountains have many marshes. Yanzi chases the rabbit; yet nothing is caught.

— 焦延寿《焦氏易林》,公元前一世纪

注释

山附於地為剝,山上有雷為小過。陽不違德——陽氣不背離德行。高山多澤——高山之上多有湖澤。顏子逐兔,未有所得——顏子追兔,一無所獲。首句言天道有常:陽守其德,高山蓄水。然顏子逐兔而不得——兔疾而小,非人力所必擒。「顏子」或為顏回,其追逐之徒勞與小過之「不宜上宜下」相應。從剝至小過,崩塌之大山化為小丘,雷鳴於其上而顯過激。小過教人於微處過之——行過乎恭,用過乎儉。逐兔不得即過於追求之象。

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