大過大有

第28卦 大過 (Great Exceeding) 变 第14卦 大有 (Great Possession)

大過
Great Exceeding
Lake / Wind
大有
Great Possession
Fire / Heaven
变爻不变爻

变爻

此变化涉及 3 个变爻(第 1、5、6 爻)。

第初爻

初六 藉用白茅。无咎。

jièfor
yòngusing
báiwhite
máothatch
no
jiùblame

Six at the beginning means: To spread white rushes underneath. No blame.

第五爻

九五 枯楊生華。老婦得其士夫。无咎无譽。

the withered
yángpoplar
shēngsends out
huáflowers
lǎothe old
woman
finds
her own
shìa young gentleman
as husband
no
jiùto blame
no
to praise

Nine in the fifth place means: A withered poplar puts forth flowers. An older woman takes a husband. No blame. No praise.

第上爻

上六 過涉滅頂。凶。无咎。

guòtoo much of
shèto crossing
miècovering
dǐngone's head
xiōngunfortunate
but no
jiùblame

Six at the top means: One must go through the water. It goes over one's head. Misfortune. No blame.

卦象变化

上卦Lake FireThe Joyous → The Clinging
下卦Wind HeavenThe Gentle → The Creative

焦氏易林

馬躓車傷,長舌破家。東關二五,晉君出走。

The horse stumbles, the carriage breaks; a long tongue destroys the house. At the eastern pass, the twenty-fifth day; the lord of Jin flees in exile.

— 焦延寿《焦氏易林》,公元前一世纪

注释

澤滅木,大過之象。馬躓車傷——馬失前蹄,車毀人傷。長舌破家——讒言毀族。東關二五,晉君出走——東關嬖五與梁五進讒,晉君被迫出奔。「長舌」指驪姬,以讒言害太子申生自盡,重耳、夷吾出亡。「二五」即梁五與東關嬖五,驪姬所賂之嬖臣,慫恿獻公遣太子離京。從大過至大有(火在天上),過重之勢化為大有之盛——然大有之火照徹一切,亦照見家中之毒。晉室坐擁大國之富而為一婦之舌所裂,正是大有之盛中藏大過之危。

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