第41卦 損 (Decrease) 变 第46卦 升 (Pushing Upward)

Decrease
Mountain / Lake
Pushing Upward
Earth / Wind
变爻不变爻

变爻

此变化涉及 3 个变爻(第 1、3、6 爻)。

第初爻

初九 已事遄往。无咎。酌損之。

one's (own)
shìaffairs
chuán(are) rushed
wǎngto go
no
jiùblame
zhuó(but) weigh
sǔndecreasing
zhī(of) this

Nine at the beginning means: Going quickly when one's tasks are finished Is without blame. But one must reflect on how much one may decrease others.

第三爻

六三 三人行。則損一人。一人行。則得其友。

sānthree
rénpeople
xíngstart
(and) then
sǔndecrease
(by) one
rénperson
(this) one
rénperson
xíngstarts
(and) then
finds
the
yǒucompanion

Six in the third place means: When three people journey together, Their number decreases by one. When one man journeys alone, He finds a companion.

第上爻

上九 弗損益之。无咎。貞吉。利有攸往。得臣无家。

(there is) neither
sǔn(of
(nor
zhīhere
(there is) nothing
jiù(is) wrong
zhēnpersistence
(is) promising
worth(while)
yǒu(to) have
yōusomewhere
wǎngto go
(but) (one) accept
chénservants
(but) not
jiāfamily

Nine at the top means: If one is increased without depriving others, There is no blame. Perseverance brings good fortune. It furthers one to undertake something. One obtains servants But no longer has a separate home.

卦象变化

上卦Mountain EarthKeeping Still → The Receptive
下卦Lake WindThe Joyous → The Gentle

焦氏易林

秋隼冬翔,數被嚴霜。甲兵當庭,萬物不生。雄犬夜鳴,民擾以驚。

The autumn falcon soars in winter; repeatedly struck by bitter frost. Arms and armor fill the courtyard; the ten thousand things cannot grow. The male hound howls at night; the people are disturbed and alarmed.

— 焦延寿《焦氏易林》,公元前一世纪

注释

山下有澤,損之象。「秋隼冬翔,數被嚴霜」——鷹隼逆時而飛,屢遭霜打。「甲兵當庭,萬物不生」——兵甲陳於庭中,萬物不得生長。「雄犬夜鳴,民擾以驚」——狗在夜間嗥叫,百姓驚擾不安。從損至升(地中生木),本當是木在地中緩慢生長之象。然此詩寫盡逆象——秋冬失序,兵禍橫行,民無寧日。升之前提為「積小以高大」,然若所積者為兵戈而非德業,所損者為民力而非冗費,則地中無木可生,唯有荒蕪。損而不當,升路斷絕。

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