謙 → 睽
Hexagram 15: Modesty → Hexagram 38: Opposition
Changing Lines
This transformation involves 5 changing lines (lines 1, 2, 3, 4, 6).
Line 1
初六 謙謙君子。用涉大川。吉。
Six at the beginning means: A superior man modest about his modesty May cross the great water. Good fortune.
Line 2
六二 鳴謙。貞吉。
Six in the second place means: Modesty that comes to expression. Perseverance brings good fortune.
Line 3
九三 勞謙君子。有終吉。
Nine in the third place means: A superior man of modesty and merit Carries things to conclusion. Good fortune.
Line 4
六四 无不利撝謙。
Six in the fourth place means: Nothing that would not further modesty In movement.
Line 6
上六 鳴謙。利用行師。征邑國。
Six at the top means: Modesty that comes to expression. It is favorable to set armies marching To chastise one's own city and one's country.
Trigram Changes
Yilin Verse
歲飢無年，虐政害民；乾谿驪山，秦楚結怨。
A year of famine, no harvest; cruel governance harms the people. Ganxi and Mount Li; Qin and Chu forge their grudge.
— Jiao Yanshou, Yilin (Forest of Changes), 1st century BCE
Commentary
Earth holds the mountain, but famine ravages the land and cruel governance oppresses the people. Then the verse names two fatal sites: Qianxi, where King Ling of Chu camped before his army mutinied and he hanged himself in exile; and Lishan, where King You of Zhou died when the Quanrong invaded after his beacon-fire farce. Qin and Chu nurse their grudge between these two disasters. From Modesty to Opposition, fire above the lake — two forces moving apart, irreconcilable. The verse pairs two rulers whose arrogance destroyed them: Ling at Qianxi and You at Lishan, both brought down by the very systems they abused. Opposition's lesson is 'the same yet different' — and these paired catastrophes, centuries apart, share the identical pattern of overreach meeting ruin.
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