噬嗑

Hexagram 21: Biting Through → Hexagram 16: Enthusiasm

噬嗑
Biting Through
Fire / Thunder
Enthusiasm
Thunder / Earth
Changing LinesStable Lines

Changing Lines

This transformation involves 2 changing lines (lines 1, 6).

Line 1

初九 履校滅趾。无咎。

sandaled feet
xiàofettered
mièmiss
zhǐthe toes
no
jiùblame

Nine at the beginning means: His feet are fastened in the stocks, So that his toes disappear. No blame.

Line 6

上九 何校滅耳。凶。

wearing
xiàoa cangue
mièmiss
ěrthe ears
xiōngunfortunate

Nine at the top means: His neck is fastened in the wooden cangue, So that his ears disappear. Misfortune.

Trigram Changes

Upper TrigramFire ThunderThe Clinging → The Arousing
Lower TrigramThunder EarthThe Arousing → The Receptive

Yilin Verse

臝裎逐狐,為人觀笑。牝雞雄晨,主作亂妖。

Naked and exposed, chasing a fox -- a spectacle for others' laughter. A hen crows at dawn like a rooster -- the master invites disorder and calamity.

— Jiao Yanshou, Yilin (Forest of Changes), 1st century BCE

Commentary

Fire and thunder administer the law, and this verse shows what happens when authority is inverted. A naked figure chases foxes, becoming a spectacle for public mockery. Then the classical allusion strikes: 'the hen crows at dawn' — from the Book of Documents' Oath at Muye, where King Wu warns that when a woman usurps the morning crow, it signals the household's ruin. The hen crowing at dawn was King Wu's indictment of Daji's influence over King Zhou of Shang. From Biting Through to Enthusiasm, thunder erupts from the earth in exuberant motion. But the verse inverts this energy: enthusiasm without proper order becomes chaos, spectacle becomes farce, and misplaced authority breeds calamity.

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