大過

Hexagram 27: Nourishment → Hexagram 28: Great Exceeding

Nourishment
Mountain / Thunder
大過
Great Exceeding
Lake / Wind
Changing LinesStable Lines

Changing Lines

This transformation involves 6 changing lines (lines 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6).

Line 1

初九 舍爾靈龜。觀我朶頤。凶。

shěforsake
ěryour
língspirit
guītortoise
guānand
me
duǒhanging open
with hungry mouth
xiōngunfortunate

Nine at the beginning means: You let your magic tortoise go, And look at me with the corners of your mouth drooping. Misfortune.

Line 2

六二 顛頤。拂經于丘。頤征凶。

diānabnormal
appetite
dismiss
jīngthe norms
and going to
qiūthe hilltops
with hungry mouth
zhēngpressing
xiōngis misfortune

Six in the second place means: Turning to the summit for nourishment, Deviating from the path To seek nourishment from the hill. Continuing to do this brings misfortune.

Line 3

六三 拂頤。貞凶。十年勿用。无攸利。

dismissing
the hungry mouth
zhēnpersistence
xiōngis unfortunate
shífor ten
niányears
not to be
yònguseful
this is no
yōua direction
with merit

Six in the third place means: Turning away from nourishment. Perseverance brings misfortune. Do not act thus for ten years. Nothing serves to further.

Line 4

六四 顛頤。吉。虎視眈眈。其欲逐逐。无咎。

diānabnormal
appetite
is promising
the tiger
shìlooks
dānstaring
dānand staring
with its own
passion
zhúis to hunt
zhúand give chase
but no
jiùblame

Six in the fourth place means: Turning to the summit For provision of nourishment Brings good fortune. Spying about with sharp eyes Like a tiger with insatiable craving. No blame.

Line 5

六五 拂經。居貞吉。不可涉大川。

dismissing
jīngthe norms
to practice
zhēnpersistence
is promising
but one is not
suited
shèto
the great
chuānstream

Six in the fifth place means: Turning away from the path. To remain persevering brings good fortune. One should not cross the great water.

Line 6

上九 由頤。厲吉。利涉大川。

yóuat
the appetites
distress
but promising
it is worthwhile
shèto cross
the great
chuānstream

Nine at the top means: The source of nourishment. Awareness of danger brings good fortune. It furthers one to cross the great water.

Trigram Changes

Upper TrigramMountain LakeKeeping Still → The Joyous
Lower TrigramThunder WindThe Arousing → The Gentle

Yilin Verse

六龍俱怒,戰於阪下。倉黃不勝,旅人難苦。

Six dragons rage together; they battle at the foot of the slope. In haste they cannot prevail; the traveler suffers hardship and distress.

— Jiao Yanshou, Yilin (Forest of Changes), 1st century BCE

Commentary

Mountain over thunder erupts into lake over wind — Great Exceeding, the ridgepole strained past its limit. Six dragons rage together, battling at the foot of the slope. In panicked haste they cannot prevail, and the traveler suffers bitterly. The six dragons recall the Qian hexagram's six yang lines, but here they fight rather than create, their energy turned destructive. The slope becomes a battlefield rather than a path of ascent. From Nourishment to Great Exceeding, the transformation overloads: what was carefully measured nourishment bursts its container. The lake submerges the wind's trees, and power that should sustain instead overwhelms. The traveler caught in this excess has no shelter.

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