Hexagram 33: Retreat → Hexagram 38: Opposition

Retreat
Heaven / Mountain
Opposition
Fire / Lake
Changing LinesStable Lines

Changing Lines

This transformation involves 4 changing lines (lines 1, 2, 3, 5).

Line 1

初六 遯尾厲。勿用有攸往。

dùnwithdrawing
wěithat
in distress
not at all
yònguseful
yǒuto have
yōusomewhere
wǎngto go

Six at the beginning means: At the tail in retreat. This is dangerous. One must not wish to undertake anything.

Line 2

六二 執之用黃牛之革。莫之勝說。

zhíto bind
zhīit
yòngwith
huángyellow
niúcow
zhī's
rawhide
none
zhīwill
shèngsuccess in
shuōgetting it loose

Six in the second place means: he holds him fast with yellow oxhide. No one can tear him loose.

Line 3

九三 係遯。有疾厲。畜臣妾吉。

entangled up
dùnretreat
yǒuthere is
urgent
and difficulty
chùattending to
chénone's servant
qièand concubine
was

Nine in the third place means: A halted retreat Is nerve-wracking and dangerous. To retain people as men- and maidservants Brings good fortune.

Line 5

九五 嘉遯貞吉。

jiācommendable
dùnretreat
zhēnpersistence
is promising

Nine in the fifth place means: Friendly retreat. Perseverance brings good fortune.

Trigram Changes

Upper TrigramHeaven FireThe Creative → The Clinging
Lower TrigramMountain LakeKeeping Still → The Joyous

Yilin Verse

南山高罡,回隤難登,道里遼遠,行者无功。憂不成凶,惡亦消去。

The southern mountain's high ridge; winding and steep, hard to climb. The road is distant and far; the traveler achieves nothing. Worry does not become disaster; evil too shall pass away.

— Jiao Yanshou, Yilin (Forest of Changes), 1st century BCE

Commentary

Heaven above the mountain splits into fire over lake — Opposition, where divergent forces strain against each other. The southern mountain rises steep and rugged, its slopes too sheer to climb. The road stretches far beyond reckoning, and the traveler accomplishes nothing. Yet the verse resolves gently: worry does not become disaster, and evil too dissipates. From Retreat to Opposition, the mountain's withdrawal encounters the estrangement of fire and lake — elements that by nature move apart. The verse captures the exhaustion of pursuing goals across irreconcilable terrain: the mountain is too steep, the distance too great, the effort fruitless. But Opposition contains its own mercy — the very distance that prevents progress also prevents catastrophe. Sometimes the best outcome of a failed journey is simply arriving home unharmed.

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