第2卦 坤 (The Receptive) 变 第41卦 損 (Decrease)

The Receptive
Earth / Earth
Decrease
Mountain / Lake
变爻不变爻

变爻

此变化涉及 3 个变爻(第 1、2、6 爻)。

第初爻

初六 履霜堅冰至。

footsteps
shuāngfrost
jiānsolid
bīngice
zhìresults

Six at the beginning means: When there is hoarfrost underfoot, Solid ice is not far off.

第二爻

六二 直方大。不習无不利。

zhístraightforward
fāngsquare
complete
without
practice
without
doubt
worthwhile

Six in the second place means: Straight, square, great. Without purpose, Yet nothing remains unfurthered.

第上爻

上六 龍戰于野。其血玄黃。

lóngdragons
zhànat war
in
wilds
their
xuèblood
xuánindigo
huánggolden

Six at the top means: Dragons fight in the meadow. Their blood is black and yellow.

卦象变化

上卦Earth MountainThe Receptive → Keeping Still
下卦Earth LakeThe Receptive → The Joyous

焦氏易林

拜跪請免,不得其哺。俛首衘枚,低頭北去。

Bowing and kneeling, begging for reprieve; no sustenance is given. Head lowered, biting down on the gag; head bowed, departing northward.

— 焦延寿《焦氏易林》,公元前一世纪

注释

地勢坤,厚德載物。拜跪請免,不得其哺——跪拜乞求寬免,卻得不到一口食物。俛首衘枚,低頭北去——低頭口銜木枚,默默北行。衘枚者,古代行軍夜行時令士卒口銜之木,以禁聲。此為俘虜或戍卒之象。山下有澤,損之象:君子以懲忿窒欲。損者,減也,損下益上。從坤至損,大地之滋養被上層汲取:跪求者被剝奪一切,銜枚北去如囚徒遠戍。損之道本在誠心減損,然此詩寫損之被動——非自願之損而是被迫之失,坤之柔順在此化為無力反抗之悲。

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