大過

第28卦 大過 (Great Exceeding) 变 第7卦 師 (The Army)

大過
Great Exceeding
Lake / Wind
The Army
Earth / Water
变爻不变爻

变爻

此变化涉及 3 个变爻(第 3、4、5 爻)。

第三爻

九三 棟橈。凶。

dòngthe ridgepole
náois deformed
xiōngominous

Nine in the third place means: The ridgepole sags to the breaking point. Misfortune.

第四爻

九四 棟隆。吉。有它吝。

dòngthe ridgepole
lóngholds
promising
yǒuif it
tuōany
lìnthen inadequacy

Nine in the fourth place means: The ridgepole is braced. Good fortune. If there are ulterior motives, it is humiliating.

第五爻

九五 枯楊生華。老婦得其士夫。无咎无譽。

the withered
yángpoplar
shēngsends out
huáflowers
lǎothe old
woman
finds
her own
shìa young gentleman
as husband
no
jiùto blame
no
to praise

Nine in the fifth place means: A withered poplar puts forth flowers. An older woman takes a husband. No blame. No praise.

卦象变化

上卦Lake EarthThe Joyous → The Receptive
下卦Wind WaterThe Gentle → The Deep

焦氏易林

啟室開關,逃得釋冤。夏臺羑里,湯文悅喜。

The chamber opens, the gate unlocks; escaping, the wrong is released. Xiatai, Youli; Tang and Wen rejoice in gladness.

— 焦延寿《焦氏易林》,公元前一世纪

注释

澤滅木,大過之象。啟室開關,逃得釋冤——牢門開啟,冤囚獲釋。夏臺羑里,湯文悅喜——夏臺為夏桀囚商湯之獄,羑里為殷紂囚周文王之處。二聖蒙難而終獲自由,悅喜而出。此詩並舉中國政治神話中兩大冤獄:湯囚於夏臺而後滅夏,文王囚於羑里而後子武王伐紂。二者皆忍辱待時,終成大業。從大過至師(地中有水),過載之壓轉化為有組織之力量:不堪之重荷化為解放之師旅。獄門之啟非偶然,乃不義之重壓迫使自身逆轉之必然。

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