第31卦 咸 (Influence) 变 第20卦 觀 (Contemplation)

Influence
Lake / Mountain
Contemplation
Wind / Earth
变爻不变爻

变爻

此变化涉及 3 个变爻(第 3、4、6 爻)。

第三爻

九三 咸其股。執其隨。往吝。

xiánmoving
in
thighs
zhímanage
those
suíconsequences
wǎngto go ahead
lìnis embarrassing

Nine in the third place means: The influence shows itself in the thighs. Holds to that which follows it. To continue is humiliating.

第四爻

九四 貞吉悔亡。憧憧往來。朋從爾思。

zhēnpersistence
is promising
huǐregrets
wángpass
chōngif
chōngand ambivalent
wǎngin whether to go
láior to come
péngyour companions
cóngwill follow
ěryour
thoughts

Nine in the fourth place means: Perseverance brings good fortune. Remorse disappears. If a man is agitated in mind, And his thoughts go hither and thither, Only those friends On whom he fixes his conscious thoughts Will follow.

第上爻

上六 咸其輔頰舌。

xiánmoving
in
maxilla
jiájawbones: and mandible
shéand tongue

Six at the top means: The influence shows itself in the jaws, cheeks, and tongue.

卦象变化

上卦Lake WindThe Joyous → The Gentle
下卦Mountain EarthKeeping Still → The Receptive

焦氏易林

九里十山,道卻峻難,牛馬不前,復反來還。

Nine miles, ten mountains; the road turns steep and hard. Ox and horse will not advance; they turn back and return again.

— 焦延寿《焦氏易林》,公元前一世纪

注释

山上有澤,感通之道。然九里十山,道卻峻難——重山疊嶺,路險而長。牛馬不前——連負重之畜亦止步不行。復反來還——只得折返原路。九、十之數極言其多,非一山一嶺之阻,乃重重疊疊之困。從咸至觀(風行地上),感應化為觀察之象。先王省方觀民設教——觀之道在於明察。此處所觀者為路之不通、行之不能。明白此理而折返,非敗退乃明觀。咸之虛受須知所止,強行則牛馬俱傷。

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