小過 → 謙
第62卦 小過 (Small Exceeding) 变 第15卦 謙 (Modesty)
变爻
此变化涉及 3 个变爻(第 1、3、6 爻)。
第初爻
初六 飛鳥以凶。
Six at the beginning means: The bird meets with misfortune through flying.
第三爻
九三 弗過防之。從或戕之。凶。
Nine in the third place means: If one is not extremely careful, Somebody may come up from behind and strike him. Misfortune.
第上爻
上六 弗遇過之。飛鳥離之。凶。是謂災眚。
Six at the top means: He passes him by, not meeting him. The flying bird leaves him. Misfortune. This means bad luck and injury.
卦象变化
焦氏易林
牛耳聾聵,不曉齊味。委以鼎俎,治亂憒憒。
The ox's ears are deaf, unable to discern the flavors of Qi; entrusted with the sacrificial cauldrons, governance falls into confusion.
— 焦延寿《焦氏易林》,公元前一世纪
注释
山上有雷,小過之託非人。牛耳聾聵——牛耳聾而不聰,不曉齊味——不辨精微之滋味。齊味或指齊地之烹飪藝術,亦指治國之精微。委以鼎俎——將宗廟祭祀之重器交付於此,治亂憒憒——結果唯餘昏亂。此為錯置之寓言:不能品味者掌庖廚,不通禮義者主宗廟。從小過至謙(地中有山),山上之雷化為山藏地中之謙。然此處謙之意反轉:非有才者自抑,乃無能者居高位——因庸碌而生混亂,非因驕矜。
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