大過

第28卦 大過 (Great Exceeding) 变 第24卦 復 (Return)

大過
Great Exceeding
Lake / Wind
Return
Earth / Thunder
变爻不变爻

变爻

此变化涉及 5 个变爻(第 1、2、3、4、5 爻)。

第初爻

初六 藉用白茅。无咎。

jièfor
yòngusing
báiwhite
máothatch
no
jiùblame

Six at the beginning means: To spread white rushes underneath. No blame.

第二爻

九二 枯楊生稊。老夫得其女妻。无不利。

the withered
yángpoplar
shēngsends out
a new
lǎothe old
gentleman
finds
his own
a maiden
companion
without
doubt
worthwhile

Nine in the second place means: A dry poplar sprouts at the root. An older man takes a young wife. Everything furthers.

第三爻

九三 棟橈。凶。

dòngthe ridgepole
náois deformed
xiōngominous

Nine in the third place means: The ridgepole sags to the breaking point. Misfortune.

第四爻

九四 棟隆。吉。有它吝。

dòngthe ridgepole
lóngholds
promising
yǒuif it
tuōany
lìnthen inadequacy

Nine in the fourth place means: The ridgepole is braced. Good fortune. If there are ulterior motives, it is humiliating.

第五爻

九五 枯楊生華。老婦得其士夫。无咎无譽。

the withered
yángpoplar
shēngsends out
huáflowers
lǎothe old
woman
finds
her own
shìa young gentleman
as husband
no
jiùto blame
no
to praise

Nine in the fifth place means: A withered poplar puts forth flowers. An older woman takes a husband. No blame. No praise.

卦象变化

上卦Lake EarthThe Joyous → The Receptive
下卦Wind ThunderThe Gentle → The Arousing

焦氏易林

出入無時,憂禍為災。行人失牛,利去不來。老馬少駒,勿與久居。

Coming and going without fixed hour; worry and misfortune become disaster. The traveler loses his ox; profit departs and does not return. An old horse, a young colt; do not dwell with them long.

— 焦延寿《焦氏易林》,公元前一世纪

注释

澤滅木,大過之象。出入無時,憂禍為災——進出無定時,憂患交加成災。行人失牛,利去不來——旅人失牛,財利不返。老馬少駒,勿與久居——老馬配幼駒,不宜久處。詩意紛亂:時序失常、牲畜走失、利潤消散。老馬少駒喻不當之搭配。從大過至復(雷在地中),崩壞之結構遇一陽初動——然此復或為時過早。失牛失利皆示復歸之氣未找到正途,一陽微弱不足挽回全局。

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