大過

第4卦 蒙 (Youthful Folly) 变 第28卦 大過 (Great Exceeding)

Youthful Folly
Mountain / Water
大過
Great Exceeding
Lake / Wind
变爻不变爻

变爻

此变化涉及 4 个变爻(第 3、4、5、6 爻)。

第三爻

六三 勿用取女。見金夫。不有躬。无攸利。

it is not at all
yònguseful
to pair
maiden
jiànwho sees
jīnof
gentleman
and does not
yǒuown
gōngher
this is no
yōudirection
with merit

Six in the third place means: Take not a maiden who, when she sees a man of bronze, Loses possession of herself. Nothing furthers.

第四爻

六四 困蒙。吝。

kùnsurrounded
méngimmaturity
lìnembarrassment

Six in the fourth place means: Entangled folly bring humiliation.

第五爻

六五 童蒙。吉。

tóngyoung
ménginexperienced
promising

Six in the fifth place means: Childlike folly brings good fortune.

第上爻

上九 擊蒙。不利為寇。利禦寇。

striking
ménginexperience
not
worthwhile
wéito be
kòuassailant
worthwhile
to defend against
kòuassailant

Nine at the top means: In punishing folly It does not further one To commit transgressions. The only thing that furthers Is to prevent transgressions.

卦象变化

上卦Mountain LakeKeeping Still → The Joyous
下卦Water WindThe Deep → The Gentle

焦氏易林

膏澤肥壤,人民孔樂。宜利俱止,長安富貴。

Rich soil, fertile fields; the people are greatly contented. Fit to dwell in profit and rest; long at peace, rich and noble.

— 焦延寿《焦氏易林》,公元前一世纪

注释

山下出泉,蒙之象也。膏澤肥壤,潤澤豐沃,人民大樂。宜利俱止——利益匯聚於此,長安富貴。「長安」或指漢都,帝國繁盛之極。土地本身慷慨,肥沃潤澤而不竭。從蒙至大過,澤滅木:大過為過盛之象,棟橈欲折。然此詩寫的是盛極之頂點,尚未傾覆。蒙昧者享豐饒之際,不知豐饒再進一步即為過。大過之「獨立不懼」在於知盈而能守;不知者則在歡樂中走向棟折之危。

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