大過

Hexagram 40: Deliverance → Hexagram 28: Great Exceeding

Deliverance
Thunder / Water
大過
Great Exceeding
Lake / Wind
Changing LinesStable Lines

Changing Lines

This transformation involves 2 changing lines (lines 3, 5).

Line 3

六三 負且乘。致寇至。貞吝。

shouldering
qiěwhile
chéngmounted
zhìinviting
kòuthieves
zhìto approach
zhēnpersistence
lìn(is) embarrassing

Six in the third place means: If a man carries a burden on his back And nonetheless rides in a carriage, He thereby encourages robbers to draw near. Perseverance leads to humiliation.

Line 5

六五 君子維有解。吉。有孚于小人。

jūnnoble
young one
wéiin bondage
yǒu(still
jiěfreedom(s)
promising
yǒubeing
true
for
xiǎo(the) small
rénones

Six in the fifth place means: If only the superior man can deliver himself, It brings good fortune. Thus he proves to inferior men that he is in earnest.

Trigram Changes

Upper TrigramThunder LakeThe Arousing → The Joyous
Lower TrigramWater WindThe Deep → The Gentle

Yilin Verse

三身六齒,痛疾不已。齲病蠹缺,墮落其宅。

Three bodies and six teeth — the aching sickness never ceases. Cavities rot and worm through; the dwelling itself crumbles and falls.

— Jiao Yanshou, Yilin (Forest of Changes), 1st century BCE

Commentary

Thunder over water dissipates into the lake submerging the trees — the precarious excess of Great Exceeding. Three bodies and six teeth ache without cease; cavities and decay eat away at their dwelling, causing them to fall from their sockets. The verse uses the vivid image of rotting teeth as a metaphor for structural collapse. The 'dwelling' that crumbles is the jaw itself — the foundation that holds everything in place. From Deliverance to Great Exceeding, the release of pressure reveals that the structure was already rotten within. The lake overwhelms the trees; the ridgepole sags. What seemed like liberation was merely the moment when the last support gave way.

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