大有 → 困
第14卦 大有 (Great Possession) 变 第47卦 困 (Oppression)
变爻
此变化涉及 4 个变爻(第 1、3、5、6 爻)。
第初爻
初九 无交害。匪咎。艱則无咎。
Nine at the beginning means: No relationship with what is harmful; There is no blame in this. If one remains conscious of difficulty, One remains without blame.
第三爻
九三 公用亨于天子。小人弗克 。
Nine in the third place means: A prince offers it to the Son of Heaven. A petty man cannot do this.
第五爻
六五 厥孚交如。威如。吉。
Six in the fifth place means: He whose truth is accessible, yet dignified, Has good fortune.
第上爻
上九 自天祐之。吉无不利。
Nine at the top means: He is blessed by heaven. Good fortune. Nothing that does not further.
卦象变化
焦氏易林
膚敏之德,發憤忘食;虎豹禽說,為王求福。
A keen and diligent virtue; so engrossed he forgets to eat. Tigers and leopards are captured and persuaded; he seeks blessings for the king.
— 焦延寿《焦氏易林》,公元前一世纪
注释
膚敏之德,發憤忘食——才思敏捷,發奮忘食。虎豹禽說,為王求福——猛獸馴服,為君謀福。「發憤忘食」直應《論語·述而》孔子自道。虎豹被馴,增添政治意涵:野蠻之力經訓化而為王室效力。從大有至困(澤無水),天火化為澤中無水——枯竭困頓之象。然此詩示渡困之法:全身心投入以超越肉體之匱乏。學者忘食,猛獸服役,皆因志之堅而忘形之苦。困卦「君子以致命遂志」——在困窮中成就其志,正合此詩之精神。
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