大過

第2卦 坤 (The Receptive) 变 第28卦 大過 (Great Exceeding)

The Receptive
Earth / Earth
大過
Great Exceeding
Lake / Wind
变爻不变爻

变爻

此变化涉及 4 个变爻(第 2、3、4、5 爻)。

第二爻

六二 直方大。不習无不利。

zhístraightforward
fāngsquare
complete
without
practice
without
doubt
worthwhile

Six in the second place means: Straight, square, great. Without purpose, Yet nothing remains unfurthered.

第三爻

六三 含章可貞。或從王事。无成有終。

hánrestrain
zhāngdisplay
suited
zhēnpersistence
huòsomeone
cóngpursuing
wángsovereign
shìaffairs
no
chéngachievement
yǒuhas
zhōngclosure

Six in the third place means: Hidden lines. One is able to remain persevering. If by chance you are in the service of a king, Seek not works, but bring to completion.

第四爻

六四 括囊。无咎无譽。

kuòtied up
nángbag
no
jiùblame
no
praise

Six in the fourth place means: A tied-up sack. No blame, no praise.

第五爻

六五 黃裳。元吉。

huánggolden
chángdress
yuánmost
promising

Six in the fifth place means: A yellow lower garment brings supreme good fortune.

卦象变化

上卦Earth LakeThe Receptive → The Joyous
下卦Earth WindThe Receptive → The Gentle

焦氏易林

瘤癭禿疥,為身瘡害。疾病癃殘,常不遠逮。

Tumors, goiters, baldness, and scabies; sores and afflictions of the body. Illness and crippling disability; always one falls short and cannot reach.

— 焦延寿《焦氏易林》,公元前一世纪

注释

地勢坤,厚德載物。瘤癭禿疥,為身瘡害——瘤腫、癭瘤、禿瘡、疥癬,皆為身體之害。疾病癃殘,常不遠逮——久病殘疾,行動遲緩不能及人。澤滅木,大過之象:棟橈也,重荷超出承受之極限。此詩以身體喻大過之象——積病成疾,猶如棟梁過載而撓曲。從坤至大過,大地之承載已至極限:坤之包容使百病積聚而不排除,終至體無完膚。大過者,君子以獨立不懼——然此詩中之人已不能獨立,正因積弊太深,坤之耐受反成姑息之禍。

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