第2卦 坤 (The Receptive) 变 第49卦 革 (Revolution)

The Receptive
Earth / Earth
Revolution
Lake / Fire
变爻不变爻

变爻

此变化涉及 4 个变爻(第 1、3、4、5 爻)。

第初爻

初六 履霜堅冰至。

footsteps
shuāngfrost
jiānsolid
bīngice
zhìresults

Six at the beginning means: When there is hoarfrost underfoot, Solid ice is not far off.

第三爻

六三 含章可貞。或從王事。无成有終。

hánrestrain
zhāngdisplay
suited
zhēnpersistence
huòsomeone
cóngpursuing
wángsovereign
shìaffairs
no
chéngachievement
yǒuhas
zhōngclosure

Six in the third place means: Hidden lines. One is able to remain persevering. If by chance you are in the service of a king, Seek not works, but bring to completion.

第四爻

六四 括囊。无咎无譽。

kuòtied up
nángbag
no
jiùblame
no
praise

Six in the fourth place means: A tied-up sack. No blame, no praise.

第五爻

六五 黃裳。元吉。

huánggolden
chángdress
yuánmost
promising

Six in the fifth place means: A yellow lower garment brings supreme good fortune.

卦象变化

上卦Earth LakeThe Receptive → The Joyous
下卦Earth FireThe Receptive → The Clinging

焦氏易林

螟蟲為賊,害我五穀。中霤空虛,家無所食。

Crop-eating insects are the bandits; they harm my five grains. The household altar stands empty; the family has nothing to eat.

— 焦延寿《焦氏易林》,公元前一世纪

注释

地勢坤,厚德載物。螟蟲為賊,害我五穀——螟蟲為害,蠶食五穀。中霤空虛,家無所食——屋中央之灶空空如也,全家無糧可食。澤中有火,革之象:君子以治曆明時。革者,變也,水火相滅,舊秩序不可維持則必革之。此詩寫革之前因——蟲害滅穀,灶空家飢,舊的生產秩序已然崩潰。從坤至革,大地之生產力被蟲害蠶食殆盡:非人為之暴政而是自然之災變,然結果一樣——舊制不能養民則必須更張。革之必要性在於生存之根基已毀。

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