坤 → 革
第2卦 坤 (The Receptive) 变 第49卦 革 (Revolution)
变爻
此变化涉及 4 个变爻(第 1、3、4、5 爻)。
第初爻
初六 履霜堅冰至。
Six at the beginning means: When there is hoarfrost underfoot, Solid ice is not far off.
第三爻
六三 含章可貞。或從王事。无成有終。
Six in the third place means: Hidden lines. One is able to remain persevering. If by chance you are in the service of a king, Seek not works, but bring to completion.
第四爻
六四 括囊。无咎无譽。
Six in the fourth place means: A tied-up sack. No blame, no praise.
第五爻
六五 黃裳。元吉。
Six in the fifth place means: A yellow lower garment brings supreme good fortune.
卦象变化
焦氏易林
螟蟲為賊,害我五穀。中霤空虛,家無所食。
Crop-eating insects are the bandits; they harm my five grains. The household altar stands empty; the family has nothing to eat.
— 焦延寿《焦氏易林》,公元前一世纪
注释
地勢坤,厚德載物。螟蟲為賊,害我五穀——螟蟲為害,蠶食五穀。中霤空虛,家無所食——屋中央之灶空空如也,全家無糧可食。澤中有火,革之象:君子以治曆明時。革者,變也,水火相滅,舊秩序不可維持則必革之。此詩寫革之前因——蟲害滅穀,灶空家飢,舊的生產秩序已然崩潰。從坤至革,大地之生產力被蟲害蠶食殆盡:非人為之暴政而是自然之災變,然結果一樣——舊制不能養民則必須更張。革之必要性在於生存之根基已毀。
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