明夷

第20卦 觀 (Contemplation) 变 第36卦 明夷 (Darkening of the Light)

Contemplation
Wind / Earth
明夷
Darkening of the Light
Earth / Fire
变爻不变爻

变爻

此变化涉及 4 个变爻(第 1、3、5、6 爻)。

第初爻

初六 童觀。小人无咎。君子吝。

tóngchild's
guānperspective
xiǎofor little
rénpeople
no
jiùblame
jūnbut for a noble
young one
lìnan embarrassment

Six at the beginning means: Boy like contemplation. For an inferior man, no blame. For a superior man, humiliation.

第三爻

六三 觀我生進退。

guānperceiving
our
shēnglives
jìnas
退tuìand

Six in the third place means: Contemplation of my life Decides the choice Between advance and retreat.

第五爻

九五 觀我生。君子无咎。

guānperceiving
our
shēnglives
jūna noble
young one
avoids
jiùblame

Nine in the fifth place means: Contemplation of my life. The superior man is without blame.

第上爻

上九 觀其生。君子无咎。

guānperceiving
another's
shēnglives
jūna noble
young one
avoids
jiùblame

Nine at the top means: Contemplation of his life. The superior man is without blame.

卦象变化

上卦Wind EarthThe Gentle → The Receptive
下卦Earth FireThe Receptive → The Clinging

焦氏易林

家在海隅,橈短流深;企立望宋,無木以趨。

The home stands at the sea edge, the oars are short, the current deep; standing on tiptoe gazing toward Song -- there is no timber for the crossing.

— 焦延寿《焦氏易林》,公元前一世纪

注释

風行地上,望彼岸而不可及。家在海隅,橈短流深——槳太短而水太深。企立望宋,無木以趨——踮足望宋國,卻無造船之材。詩中每一意象皆指向受阻之思慕:距離可見,目的地可名,然渡河之具全無。明入地中,明夷之象,光明沉入地下。從觀至明夷,轉化令人感慨:觀者能見水對岸之光,然光沉水阻,終不能渡。有見而無術,本身即為一種晦暗。

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