明夷

第23卦 剝 (Splitting Apart) 变 第36卦 明夷 (Darkening of the Light)

Splitting Apart
Mountain / Earth
明夷
Darkening of the Light
Earth / Fire
变爻不变爻

变爻

此变化涉及 3 个变爻(第 1、3、6 爻)。

第初爻

初六 剝牀以足。蔑貞凶。

depriving
chuáng(the) bed
of (the use of)
(the
miè(to) dismiss
zhēnpersistence
xiōng(is) unfortunate

Six at the beginning means: The leg of the bed is split. Those who persevere are destroyed. Misfortune.

第三爻

六三 剝之无咎。

depriving
zhīitself
is not
jiùblame

Six in the third place means: He splits with them. No blame.

第上爻

上九 碩果不食。君子得輿。小人剝廬。

shuò(the) ripe
guǒfruit (realization
is not
shí(being) eaten
jūn(a
young one
gains
support
xiǎo(as
rénones
(are) deprived of
(their)(own) hovels

Nine at the top means: There is a large fruit still uneaten. The superior man receives a carriage. The house of the inferior man is split apart.

卦象变化

上卦Mountain EarthKeeping Still → The Receptive
下卦Earth FireThe Receptive → The Clinging

焦氏易林

登丘上山,對酒道觀。終年卒歲,優福無患。

Ascending the hill, climbing the mountain; drinking wine at the Daoist temple. Through the year to its very end, blessed and free from misfortune.

— 焦延寿《焦氏易林》,公元前一世纪

注释

山附於地為剝,明入地中為明夷。登丘上山,對酒道觀——登高臨遠,於道觀中舉杯對飲。終年卒歲,優福無患——一年到頭,安逸有福,無災無患。此景與明夷之晦暗似相矛盾,實為其最深之教:光明入地之時,智者不與暗爭,反退入私人之逸樂。丘山道觀暗示士人棄朝堂而歸林泉。從剝至明夷,山之崩塌非暴露光明而是掩埋之。聖人因勢而為,以晦為藏——「用晦而明」,蒞眾之道。「莅眾」非必立於朝堂,於山野間養德亦是蒞眾之另一面。

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