大過

第28卦 大過 (Great Exceeding) 变 第15卦 謙 (Modesty)

大過
Great Exceeding
Lake / Wind
Modesty
Earth / Mountain
变爻不变爻

变爻

此变化涉及 3 个变爻(第 2、4、5 爻)。

第二爻

九二 枯楊生稊。老夫得其女妻。无不利。

the withered
yángpoplar
shēngsends out
a new
lǎothe old
gentleman
finds
his own
a maiden
companion
without
doubt
worthwhile

Nine in the second place means: A dry poplar sprouts at the root. An older man takes a young wife. Everything furthers.

第四爻

九四 棟隆。吉。有它吝。

dòngthe ridgepole
lóngholds
promising
yǒuif it
tuōany
lìnthen inadequacy

Nine in the fourth place means: The ridgepole is braced. Good fortune. If there are ulterior motives, it is humiliating.

第五爻

九五 枯楊生華。老婦得其士夫。无咎无譽。

the withered
yángpoplar
shēngsends out
huáflowers
lǎothe old
woman
finds
her own
shìa young gentleman
as husband
no
jiùto blame
no
to praise

Nine in the fifth place means: A withered poplar puts forth flowers. An older woman takes a husband. No blame. No praise.

卦象变化

上卦Lake EarthThe Joyous → The Receptive
下卦Wind MountainThe Gentle → Keeping Still

焦氏易林

瓜葩匏實,百女同室。苦醯不熟,未有妃合。

Melon flowers, gourd fruit; a hundred women share one room. Bitter vinegar not yet ripe; no consort match has been made.

— 焦延寿《焦氏易林》,公元前一世纪

注释

澤滅木,大過之象。瓜葩匏實,百女同室——瓜花繁盛而匏果累累,百女共處一室。苦醯不熟,未有妃合——苦醋尚未釀成,無人得以婚配。瓜匏多子而花繁,然匏實味苦難食;百女雖眾而皆未許嫁。醯之未熟——事需時日方能成就,強求則苦澀難嚥。從大過至謙(地中有山),過載之繁華化為山藏地中之謙——表面豐盛而實質空乏。百女無偶如瓜花徒繁而果不可食,謙之道在於:真正之結實需要沉潛蓄養,非徒有其表之繁茂所能致。

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