大過 → 晉
第28卦 大過 (Great Exceeding) 变 第35卦 晉 (Progress)
变爻
此变化涉及 4 个变爻(第 2、3、5、6 爻)。
第二爻
九二 枯楊生稊。老夫得其女妻。无不利。
Nine in the second place means: A dry poplar sprouts at the root. An older man takes a young wife. Everything furthers.
第三爻
九三 棟橈。凶。
Nine in the third place means: The ridgepole sags to the breaking point. Misfortune.
第五爻
九五 枯楊生華。老婦得其士夫。无咎无譽。
Nine in the fifth place means: A withered poplar puts forth flowers. An older woman takes a husband. No blame. No praise.
第上爻
上六 過涉滅頂。凶。无咎。
Six at the top means: One must go through the water. It goes over one's head. Misfortune. No blame.
卦象变化
焦氏易林
子畏於匡,厄困陳蔡。明德不危,竟自免害。
The Master was threatened at Kuang; beset and stranded in Chen and Cai. Bright virtue is not imperiled; in the end he escapes harm by himself.
— 焦延寿《焦氏易林》,公元前一世纪
注释
澤滅木,大過之象。子畏於匡——孔子被匡人圍困。厄困陳蔡——窮困於陳蔡之間。明德不危——明德之人不陷真正之危。竟自免害——終究自免其害。此詩並舉孔子周遊之兩大危難:畏於匡,匡人誤以為陽虎而圍之;困於陳蔡,絕糧七日。二者皆危而不殆——夫子曰「天之未喪斯文也」,安然自若。從大過至晉(明出地上),傾覆之結構化為光明破土而出——晉者,進也,明德之光自地而升。孔子之德即此上升之明:無論暗夜多深,「明德不危」。
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