大過 → 明夷
第28卦 大過 (Great Exceeding) 变 第36卦 明夷 (Darkening of the Light)
变爻
此变化涉及 4 个变爻(第 1、2、4、5 爻)。
第初爻
初六 藉用白茅。无咎。
Six at the beginning means: To spread white rushes underneath. No blame.
第二爻
九二 枯楊生稊。老夫得其女妻。无不利。
Nine in the second place means: A dry poplar sprouts at the root. An older man takes a young wife. Everything furthers.
第四爻
九四 棟隆。吉。有它吝。
Nine in the fourth place means: The ridgepole is braced. Good fortune. If there are ulterior motives, it is humiliating.
第五爻
九五 枯楊生華。老婦得其士夫。无咎无譽。
Nine in the fifth place means: A withered poplar puts forth flowers. An older woman takes a husband. No blame. No praise.
卦象变化
焦氏易林
逐雁南飛,馬疾牛罷。不見魚池,失利憂危。牢戶之冤,脫免無患。
Chasing geese flying south; the horse is swift, the ox spent. The fish pond is not seen; profit lost, peril and worry. The prison’s wrong; released, escaping without harm.
— 焦延寿《焦氏易林》,公元前一世纪
注释
澤滅木,大過之象。逐雁南飛,馬疾牛罷——追逐南飛之雁,馬奔牛疲。不見魚池,失利憂危——尋不見魚塘,利失而憂。牢戶之冤,脫免無患——然囚室之冤得以昭雪,脫身無患。詩寫徒勞之追逐:南飛之雁不可及,馬牛俱疲,利潤消散。然末句急轉:冤獄得解,無災無患。從大過至明夷(明入地中),過載之棟梁將光明壓入地下。追雁為追逐已逝之物,徒然耗損。然明夷之中暗藏出路:唯入地下方能找到隱秘之通道,冤屈之暗反為解脫之機。
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