大過既濟

第28卦 大過 (Great Exceeding) 变 第63卦 既濟 (After Completion)

大過
Great Exceeding
Lake / Wind
既濟
After Completion
Water / Fire
变爻不变爻

变爻

此变化涉及 3 个变爻(第 1、2、4 爻)。

第初爻

初六 藉用白茅。无咎。

jièfor
yòngusing
báiwhite
máothatch
no
jiùblame

Six at the beginning means: To spread white rushes underneath. No blame.

第二爻

九二 枯楊生稊。老夫得其女妻。无不利。

the withered
yángpoplar
shēngsends out
a new
lǎothe old
gentleman
finds
his own
a maiden
companion
without
doubt
worthwhile

Nine in the second place means: A dry poplar sprouts at the root. An older man takes a young wife. Everything furthers.

第四爻

九四 棟隆。吉。有它吝。

dòngthe ridgepole
lóngholds
promising
yǒuif it
tuōany
lìnthen inadequacy

Nine in the fourth place means: The ridgepole is braced. Good fortune. If there are ulterior motives, it is humiliating.

卦象变化

上卦Lake WaterThe Joyous → The Deep
下卦Wind FireThe Gentle → The Clinging

焦氏易林

載餽如田,破鉏失食。苗穢不闢,獨飢於年。

Carrying provisions as if to the field; the hoe breaks, food is lost. Weeds choke the seedlings, uncleared; alone he starves through the year.

— 焦延寿《焦氏易林》,公元前一世纪

注释

澤滅木,大過之象。載餽如田——載糧赴田間。破鉏失食——鋤折食失。苗穢不闢——雜草不除。獨飢於年——一年獨自挨餓。詩寫農事之全面失敗:工具未用即折,雜草任其蔓延,歲末飢餓。既濟之危恰在於此:一切各就其位之際,最易懈怠。從大過至既濟(水在火上),過載之結構達表面平衡——然鋤之折斷揭示均衡之脆弱。既濟而不勤勉,完成之田園復歸荒蕪,疏於維護者終在荒田中飢餓。

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