大過

第28卦 大過 (Great Exceeding) 变 第8卦 比 (Holding Together)

大過
Great Exceeding
Lake / Wind
Holding Together
Water / Earth
变爻不变爻

变爻

此变化涉及 3 个变爻(第 2、3、4 爻)。

第二爻

九二 枯楊生稊。老夫得其女妻。无不利。

the withered
yángpoplar
shēngsends out
a new
lǎothe old
gentleman
finds
his own
a maiden
companion
without
doubt
worthwhile

Nine in the second place means: A dry poplar sprouts at the root. An older man takes a young wife. Everything furthers.

第三爻

九三 棟橈。凶。

dòngthe ridgepole
náois deformed
xiōngominous

Nine in the third place means: The ridgepole sags to the breaking point. Misfortune.

第四爻

九四 棟隆。吉。有它吝。

dòngthe ridgepole
lóngholds
promising
yǒuif it
tuōany
lìnthen inadequacy

Nine in the fourth place means: The ridgepole is braced. Good fortune. If there are ulterior motives, it is humiliating.

卦象变化

上卦Lake WaterThe Joyous → The Deep
下卦Wind EarthThe Gentle → The Receptive

焦氏易林

衰滅無成,淵溺在傾。狗吠夜驚,家乃不寧。枯者復華,幽人無憂。

Decline and ruin bring no success; the abyss tilts toward collapse. Dogs bark, the night is alarmed; the household finds no peace. The withered blooms again; the recluse has no worry.

— 焦延寿《焦氏易林》,公元前一世纪

注释

澤滅木,大過之象。衰滅無成,淵溺在傾——衰亡之際一事無成,深淵將傾。狗吠夜驚,家乃不寧——犬於夜間吠叫,全家驚擾不安。枯者復華,幽人無憂——枯木復花,隱者遂安。詩分三段:先寫衰敗,繼以夜驚,終歸復蘇。犬吠於夜在漢代讖緯中為鬼氣之兆,然此處驚擾過後無災。從大過至比(地上有水),過載之棟得大地之承托:水覆於地,親附而合。幽人不以衰敗為終局,在相親相附之中重獲生機,枯而復榮。

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