小過

第7卦 師 (The Army) 变 第62卦 小過 (Small Exceeding)

The Army
Earth / Water
小過
Small Exceeding
Mountain / Thunder
变爻不变爻

变爻

此变化涉及 3 个变爻(第 1、2、6 爻)。

第初爻

初六 師出以律。否臧凶。

shīthe militia
chūsets out
by
code
if not
zāngright
xiōngunfortunate

Six at the beginning means: An army must set forth in proper order. If the order is not good, misfortune threatens.

第二爻

九二 在師中吉。无咎。王三錫命。

zàiat
shīthe militia
zhōngthe center
promising
nothing
jiùblame
wángthe sovereign
sānthree times
grants
mìngdecrees

Nine in the second place means: In the midst of the army. Good fortune. No blame. The king bestows a triple decoration.

第上爻

上六 大君有命。開國承家。小人勿用。

the great
jūnnoble
yǒuassumes
mìngfull command
kāiestablish
guóthe domains
chéngand recognizes
jiāthe clans
xiǎothe lesser
rénpeople
are not at all
yònguseful

Six at the top means: The great prince issues commands, Founds states, vests families with fiefs. Inferior people should not be employed.

卦象变化

上卦Earth MountainThe Receptive → Keeping Still
下卦Water ThunderThe Deep → The Arousing

焦氏易林

鄰不我顧,而望玉女。身多癩疾,誰肯媚者。

Neighbors pay me no regard, yet I dream of the jade maiden. My body covered with sores; who would find me pleasing?

— 焦延寿《焦氏易林》,公元前一世纪

注释

地中有水,師之象。鄰不我顧,而望玉女——鄰人不肯一顧,卻妄想美人。身多癩疾,誰肯媚者——滿身瘡疾,誰肯愛慕?殘酷之坦白:一無所有者之渴望只會加深不足之痛。從師至小過(山上有雷),雷在山上,逾越分寸。此詩正合小過之旨:欲望超越自身實力與地位,徒增羞慚。小過教人「行過乎恭,喪過乎哀,用過乎儉」——此處三者皆未踐行。

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