明夷

第36卦 明夷 (Darkening of the Light) 变 第29卦 坎 (The Abysmal Water)

明夷
Darkening of the Light
Earth / Fire
The Abysmal Water
Water / Water
变爻不变爻

变爻

此变化涉及 4 个变爻(第 1、2、3、5 爻)。

第初爻

初九 明夷于飛。垂其翼。君子于行。三日不食。有攸往。主人有言。

míngbrightness
obscured
in
fēiflight
chuílet drag
one
wing
jūnthe noble
young one
in
xíngpassing
sānis
days
without
shíeating
yǒuhaving
yōusomewhere
wǎngto go
zhǔ^(in) authority
rénthose
yǒuwill
yántalk

Nine at the beginning means: Darkening of the light during flight. He lowers his wings. The superior man does not eat for three days On his wanderings. But he has somewhere to go. The host has occasion to gossip about him.

第二爻

六二 明夷。夷于左股。用拯馬壯吉。

míngbrightness
obscured
and wounded
in
zuǒthe left
thigh
yòngbut use
zhěngrelief
the horse
zhuàngis strong
promising

Six in the second place means: Darkening of the light injures him in the left thigh. He gives aid with the strength of a horse. Good fortune.

第三爻

九三 明夷于南狩。得其大首。不可疾貞。

míngbrightness
obscured
on
nánthe southern
shòuwinter hunt
finding
their
great
shǒuhead
this (is) no
an
a hasty
zhēnpersistence

Nine in the third place means: Darkening of the light during the hunt in the south. Their great leader is captured. One must not expect perseverance too soon.

第五爻

六五 箕子之明夷。利貞。

^(of) Ji (ancient Shang state)
the prince
zhīheld
míngbrightness
obscured
it is
zhēnto persist

Six in the fifth place means: Darkening of the light as with Prince Chi. Perseverance furthers.

卦象变化

上卦Earth WaterThe Receptive → The Deep
下卦Fire WaterThe Clinging → The Deep

焦氏易林

陰積不已,雲作淫雨。傷害平陸,民无室屋。

Yin gathers without ceasing; clouds bring excessive rain. It damages the level plains; the people have no roofs or shelter.

— 焦延寿《焦氏易林》,公元前一世纪

注释

明入地中,水洊至坎,重險之象。「陰積不已,雲作淫雨」——陰氣不斷積聚,烏雲化為暴雨不止。「傷害平陸,民無室屋」——平地受創,百姓無處棲身。此為以天象喻政治之典型:陰暗勢力不受遏制地積聚,終至淹沒民生之根基。平陸之毀,象徵安穩生活之瓦解。從明夷至坎,最為凶險之變化:火已入地,又遇重水,壓抑變為滅頂。詩中無救贖之語,唯見民眾失其庇護,而一切始於不過是陰雲漸聚。

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