小過 → 解
第62卦 小過 (Small Exceeding) 变 第40卦 解 (Deliverance)
变爻
此变化涉及 4 个变爻(第 1、2、4、6 爻)。
第初爻
初六 飛鳥以凶。
Six at the beginning means: The bird meets with misfortune through flying.
第二爻
六二 過其祖。遇其妣。不及其君。遇其臣。无咎。
Six in the second place means: She passes by her ancestor And meets her ancestress. He does not reach his prince And meets the official. No blame.
第四爻
九四 无咎。弗過遇之。往厲必戒。勿用永貞。
Nine in the fourth place means: No blame. He meets him without passing by. Going brings danger. One must be on guard. Do not act. Be constantly persevering.
第上爻
上六 弗遇過之。飛鳥離之。凶。是謂災眚。
Six at the top means: He passes him by, not meeting him. The flying bird leaves him. Misfortune. This means bad luck and injury.
卦象变化
焦氏易林
夏麥麩䵃,霜擊其芒。疾君敗國,使我誅傷。
Summer wheat turned to bran and chaff; frost has struck its awns; a ruler's sickness ruins the state, bringing punishment and harm to me.
— 焦延寿《焦氏易林》,公元前一世纪
注释
山上有雷,小過之害。夏麥麩䵃——夏日之麥已成麩糠。霜擊其芒——反季之霜打擊麥穗之芒尖,殘忍而不合時宜。疾君敗國——昏暴之君敗壞國政。使我誅傷——致使百姓遭受誅伐之苦。反季之霜是暴政之精確隱喻:莊稼本已將熟,卻被人為之力在最殘酷之時刻毀滅。從小過至解(雷雨作),山上之雷化為雷雨交作之解——衝破緊張之風暴。然解雖至,麥已毀——解救來遲,只能為重新播種清理場地。
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