大過

第28卦 大過 (Great Exceeding) 变 第20卦 觀 (Contemplation)

大過
Great Exceeding
Lake / Wind
Contemplation
Wind / Earth
变爻不变爻

变爻

此变化涉及 4 个变爻(第 2、3、4、6 爻)。

第二爻

九二 枯楊生稊。老夫得其女妻。无不利。

the withered
yángpoplar
shēngsends out
a new
lǎothe old
gentleman
finds
his own
a maiden
companion
without
doubt
worthwhile

Nine in the second place means: A dry poplar sprouts at the root. An older man takes a young wife. Everything furthers.

第三爻

九三 棟橈。凶。

dòngthe ridgepole
náois deformed
xiōngominous

Nine in the third place means: The ridgepole sags to the breaking point. Misfortune.

第四爻

九四 棟隆。吉。有它吝。

dòngthe ridgepole
lóngholds
promising
yǒuif it
tuōany
lìnthen inadequacy

Nine in the fourth place means: The ridgepole is braced. Good fortune. If there are ulterior motives, it is humiliating.

第上爻

上六 過涉滅頂。凶。无咎。

guòtoo much of
shèto crossing
miècovering
dǐngone's head
xiōngunfortunate
but no
jiùblame

Six at the top means: One must go through the water. It goes over one's head. Misfortune. No blame.

卦象变化

上卦Lake WindThe Joyous → The Gentle
下卦Wind EarthThe Gentle → The Receptive

焦氏易林

去室離家,來奔大都。火息復明,姬伯以昌。商人失功。

Leaving chamber and home behind; he comes fleeing to the great capital. The fire dies then burns bright again; Lord Ji thereby prospers. The Shang people lose their work.

— 焦延寿《焦氏易林》,公元前一世纪

注释

澤滅木,大過之象。去室離家,來奔大都——離鄉背井,投奔大邑。火息復明——火滅而復燃。姬伯以昌,商人失功——周之姬伯因此而興,商人反失其業。此詩述周室崛起:姬伯離故土而趨大邑,周室命運一度如火將滅而復燃愈盛。商人則失天命。從大過至觀(風行地上),崩塌之舊結構化為居高俯察之新視野——新朝代舊朝而立,以更廣之格局觀民設教。

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