大過

第28卦 大過 (Great Exceeding) 变 第22卦 賁 (Grace)

大過
Great Exceeding
Lake / Wind
Grace
Mountain / Fire
变爻不变爻

变爻

此变化涉及 5 个变爻(第 1、2、4、5、6 爻)。

第初爻

初六 藉用白茅。无咎。

jièfor
yòngusing
báiwhite
máothatch
no
jiùblame

Six at the beginning means: To spread white rushes underneath. No blame.

第二爻

九二 枯楊生稊。老夫得其女妻。无不利。

the withered
yángpoplar
shēngsends out
a new
lǎothe old
gentleman
finds
his own
a maiden
companion
without
doubt
worthwhile

Nine in the second place means: A dry poplar sprouts at the root. An older man takes a young wife. Everything furthers.

第四爻

九四 棟隆。吉。有它吝。

dòngthe ridgepole
lóngholds
promising
yǒuif it
tuōany
lìnthen inadequacy

Nine in the fourth place means: The ridgepole is braced. Good fortune. If there are ulterior motives, it is humiliating.

第五爻

九五 枯楊生華。老婦得其士夫。无咎无譽。

the withered
yángpoplar
shēngsends out
huáflowers
lǎothe old
woman
finds
her own
shìa young gentleman
as husband
no
jiùto blame
no
to praise

Nine in the fifth place means: A withered poplar puts forth flowers. An older woman takes a husband. No blame. No praise.

第上爻

上六 過涉滅頂。凶。无咎。

guòtoo much of
shèto crossing
miècovering
dǐngone's head
xiōngunfortunate
but no
jiùblame

Six at the top means: One must go through the water. It goes over one's head. Misfortune. No blame.

卦象变化

上卦Lake MountainThe Joyous → Keeping Still
下卦Wind FireThe Gentle → The Clinging

焦氏易林

嬰孩求乳,母歸其子,黃麑懽喜。

The infant seeks the breast; the mother returns to her child. The yellow fawn rejoices.

— 焦延寿《焦氏易林》,公元前一世纪

注释

澤滅木,大過之象。嬰孩求乳——嬰兒啼哭求哺。母歸其子,黃麑懽喜——母親歸來哺子,如黃色小鹿歡喜雀躍。詩意溫柔純粹:飢餓、重逢、得哺之喜。黃麑為幼鹿,天真無邪,喜悅不假修飾。賁之象為山下有火,火光照耀而不灼——美在質樸中顯現。從大過至賁,過重之壓化為溫潤之文飾。壓垮一切之重荷消融為柔光,照見人間最基本之情:母子相依之溫暖、幼獸歡躍之天真,此即賁之美——不假雕琢而自然成文。

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