大過

第28卦 大過 (Great Exceeding) 变 第4卦 蒙 (Youthful Folly)

大過
Great Exceeding
Lake / Wind
Youthful Folly
Mountain / Water
变爻不变爻

变爻

此变化涉及 4 个变爻(第 3、4、5、6 爻)。

第三爻

九三 棟橈。凶。

dòngthe ridgepole
náois deformed
xiōngominous

Nine in the third place means: The ridgepole sags to the breaking point. Misfortune.

第四爻

九四 棟隆。吉。有它吝。

dòngthe ridgepole
lóngholds
promising
yǒuif it
tuōany
lìnthen inadequacy

Nine in the fourth place means: The ridgepole is braced. Good fortune. If there are ulterior motives, it is humiliating.

第五爻

九五 枯楊生華。老婦得其士夫。无咎无譽。

the withered
yángpoplar
shēngsends out
huáflowers
lǎothe old
woman
finds
her own
shìa young gentleman
as husband
no
jiùto blame
no
to praise

Nine in the fifth place means: A withered poplar puts forth flowers. An older woman takes a husband. No blame. No praise.

第上爻

上六 過涉滅頂。凶。无咎。

guòtoo much of
shèto crossing
miècovering
dǐngone's head
xiōngunfortunate
but no
jiùblame

Six at the top means: One must go through the water. It goes over one's head. Misfortune. No blame.

卦象变化

上卦Lake MountainThe Joyous → Keeping Still
下卦Wind WaterThe Gentle → The Deep

焦氏易林

陽失其紀,枯木復起。秋葉冬華,君不得息。

Yang has lost its order; the withered tree rises again. Autumn leaves, winter blossoms; the lord finds no rest.

— 焦延寿《焦氏易林》,公元前一世纪

注释

澤滅木,大過之象。陽失其紀——陽氣失其常度,天道紊亂。枯木復起——死木復萌,違逆自然。秋葉冬華,君不得息——秋天生葉、冬天開花,時序倒錯,君主不安。枯木再生於漢代思想中為不祥之兆,示已終之事不能善了。從大過至蒙(山下出泉),過載之勢化為蒙昧之境。蒙者不明,如山下泉水初出而不知所往。陽紀既失,真偽難辨,枯木之花非春之生機,乃衰朽回光之象,愈繁華愈堪憂。

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