第41卦 損 (Decrease) 变 第39卦 蹇 (Obstruction)

Decrease
Mountain / Lake
Obstruction
Water / Mountain
变爻不变爻

变爻

此变化涉及 5 个变爻(第 1、2、3、5、6 爻)。

第初爻

初九 已事遄往。无咎。酌損之。

one's (own)
shìaffairs
chuán(are) rushed
wǎngto go
no
jiùblame
zhuó(but) weigh
sǔndecreasing
zhī(of) this

Nine at the beginning means: Going quickly when one's tasks are finished Is without blame. But one must reflect on how much one may decrease others.

第二爻

九二 利貞。征凶。弗損益之。

(it is) worthwhile
zhēnto persist
zhēng(but) to expedite
xiōng(is) ill-omened
(there is) neither
sǔn(of
(nor
zhīhere

Nine in the second place means: Perseverance furthers. To undertake something brings misfortune. Without decreasing oneself, One is able to bring increase to others.

第三爻

六三 三人行。則損一人。一人行。則得其友。

sānthree
rénpeople
xíngstart
(and) then
sǔndecrease
(by) one
rénperson
(this) one
rénperson
xíngstarts
(and) then
finds
the
yǒucompanion

Six in the third place means: When three people journey together, Their number decreases by one. When one man journeys alone, He finds a companion.

第五爻

六五 或益之十朋之龜。弗克違。元吉。

huòsomebody
increases
zhī(to) (this) one
shí(by) ten
péng(matched) pairs
zhīof
guītortoise
(one) (is) not
able
wéi(of
yuánmost
promising

Six in the fifth place means: Someone does indeed increase him. Ten pairs of tortoises cannot oppose it. Supreme good fortune.

第上爻

上九 弗損益之。无咎。貞吉。利有攸往。得臣无家。

(there is) neither
sǔn(of
(nor
zhīhere
(there is) nothing
jiù(is) wrong
zhēnpersistence
(is) promising
worth(while)
yǒu(to) have
yōusomewhere
wǎngto go
(but) (one) accept
chénservants
(but) not
jiāfamily

Nine at the top means: If one is increased without depriving others, There is no blame. Perseverance brings good fortune. It furthers one to undertake something. One obtains servants But no longer has a separate home.

卦象变化

上卦Mountain WaterKeeping Still → The Deep
下卦Lake MountainThe Joyous → Keeping Still

焦氏易林

鴻飛遵陸,公歸不復,伯氏客宿。

The wild goose follows the land, walking instead of flying. The duke departs and does not return; the elder lodges abroad.

— 焦延寿《焦氏易林》,公元前一世纪

注释

山下有澤,損之象。「鴻飛遵陸」——大雁不能高飛,沿地而行。「公歸不復」——君侯遠去不返。「伯氏客宿」——兄長流落異鄉為客。意象盡是離散:鴻雁失路,主君不歸,親人飄零。「鴻飛遵陸」出《詩經·小雅·鴻雁》,水禽行陸,失其本性。從損至蹇(山上有水),澤水凝為山上之險水,道路受阻。蹇者,難也,險在前也。損而不得其法,連根本之歸路都被切斷。家人離散如鴻雁失群,損之過度即為蹇之困局——資源耗盡,退路斷絕。

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